What is diabetes? How is diabetes treated?

What is diabetes?

Diabetes is a disease in which the blood glucose (sugar) levels are above normal. This is the result of the inability of glucose to enter the cells. Because of its cells are starved of food (glucose). This would be a wonderful person surrounded by food tables hungry, but his mouth is sewn and can not eat.

Approximately 17 million Americans are believed to have diabetes and one third of patients do not even know they have it. Diabetes can cause serious health complications including heart disease, blindness, kidney failure and lower limb amputation. Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death in the US .. And most diabetics develop heart disease. In fact, just had diabetes has the same risk of having a heart attack than someone who has had such an event. Therefore, it is very important for patients with diabetes also have a doctor who closely monitors and processes your cholesterol and blood pressure. In addition, the use of tobacco snuff increases the risk and must be stopped.

Are there different types of diabetes?

Certainly. But the basic characteristics of the disease are the same. In any form of diabetes that has a profound reason why your body is unable to use glucose (sugar) into energy, which makes blood glucose (sugar) in the blood to pool above normal. There are three areas that are important for you to understand in diabetes. First, your body's cells use glucose are important because they should be able to remove sugar from the blood and put it in the cell as a fuel. Second, the insulin produced by the pancreas (an organ near the stomach) is important to allow sugar to enter the cell (the key to open the door), and finally, glucose is broken down food or the muscle and liver of a storage form of glucose called glycogen. Now, if you think of diseases such as diabetes involves a locking gas cap on your car, it will be easier to understand.

If you understand how a locking gas cap works, then you can understand how diabetes. All cells in the body have a gas barrier layer between them. Insulin is the key of the lock of the gas cap, and glucose is the fuel for the car. In one form of diabetes, the body completely stops producing insulin (keys) so you can not get glucose (fuel) cells. In other forms of diabetes, your body produces insulin (keys), but not as much as your body needs. Therefore, only a small number of cells can be unlocked and opened to put glucose (fuel) inside. Another thing that happens is that some of the locks of the oxidized cells and malfunction. So even if you have insulin (keys) can not get the open cells. This is called insulin resistance. If the cells are not opened, it can not get glucose (fuel) in the same cell to produce energy. The result of all this is too much glucose in the blood.

Types of Diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, and only 5 to 10% of patients with diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce insulin (keys) at all.

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease. Represents 90 to 95% of all diabetes cases. In type 2 diabetes, either the body does not produce enough insulin (keys), or your cells ignore the insulin (the lock is rusty and broken) so you can not use glucose as they are supposed to. When the cells ignore the insulin, as mentioned above, is often referred to as insulin resistance.

Other types of diabetes that only a small number of cases of diabetes is gestational diabetes, which is a type of diabetes that only pregnant women get. If left untreated, it can cause problems for mothers and babies and usually disappears when the pregnancy is over. Other types of diabetes result from specific genetic syndromes, surgery, drugs, malnutrition, infection and other diseases can be 1% to 2% of all diabetes cases.

How do you get diabetes?

There are risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing diabetes. The type 2 diabetes risk factors include older age, obesity, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, physical inactivity, and race / ethnicity. Risk factors are less well defined for type 1 diabetes than for type 2 diabetes, but autoimmune, genetic and environmental factors are involved in the development of this type of diabetes.

What are the symptoms of diabetes?

People who think they might have diabetes should consult a physician for a diagnosis. You might have some or all of the following symptoms: frequent urination, excessive thirst, unexplained weight loss, extreme hunger, sudden vision, tingling, numbness in changes hands or feet, feeling very tired time, very dry skin, sores that are slow to heal, more infections than usual. Nausea, vomiting or stomach pain may accompany some of these symptoms in the abrupt onset of type 1 diabetes.

Glucose is the sugar! So all you have to do is avoid sweets, right?

It's not that simple. The truth is that most of the food and all the carbohydrates you eat are broken down into glucose its simple structure. As the food reaches the stomach, the acid begins to break down the food immediately. Proteins are broken down by their amino acids and carbohydrates into glucose. Once your digestive system breaks down food into something that your body can use, the blood picks up and transports to the cells for energy. In healthy people, blood accumulates glucose absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and sends a signal to your pancreas (an organ near the stomach) to produce and release insulin. Remember, in type 2 diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin (keys), or some of its cells ignore the insulin that is there. (The locks are rusty and will not work) In both cases, the cells do not get the glucose they need for energy and starve while all the excess glucose is just floating in the blood and can not be used. The worst is when all the extra glucose is floating in the blood, which causes damage to blood vessels and organs and the damage increases the risk of heart disease. This is why it is very important to keep your blood sugar levels as close to normal as possible. When blood sugar is too high, glucose begins to leak into the urine.

How is diabetes treated?

There are several things you need to do to help control your diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity, and insulin injections are the basic therapies. The amount of insulin taken must be balanced with food intake and daily activities. For patients with type 1 diabetes, blood glucose levels should be closely monitored by frequent tests of blood glucose.

For type 2 diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity and glucose in the blood tests are the basic therapies. In addition, many people with type 2 diabetes require oral medication, insulin, or both to control their glucose levels in the blood. Some of the oral medications work by stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin (keys). Other oral medications work to make the rusty locks begin to work again. In a sense, are like WD-40 for locks in the oxidized cells. The lock is found in cells such as insulin (keys) can open the cell to allow glucose (the fuel) inside. Once allows glucose (fuel) in the cells, the sugar levels in the blood return to normal.

What medications will I need for my diabetes?

There are many different types of medications that your doctor can prescribe for diabetes; However, this revenue can cause some nutritional deficiencies that may increase the risk of chronic degenerative diseases. Diabetes essential complement NutraMD Nutrients® was designed to work with your diabetes medicine by replacing lost nutrients by reducing the risk of dangerous side effects and promote better health

The main classes of medications for diabetes include sulfonylureas, biguanides and thiazolidinediones.

Sulfonylureas include the following medications:

Orinase, Tolinase, Diabinese, glipizide, glyburide, Amaryl, Prandin, Strarlix
The main function of sulfonylureas is to increase the production of insulin in the beta cells of the pancreas. Sulfonylureas can interfere with the normal metabolism of the body of coenzyme Q10. Because CoQ10 is necessary for energy in all body tissues, this effect can reduce the body's natural ability to use or "burn" sugars, and can even reduce the pancreas's ability to produce insulin in time.

Biguanides include the following medications:

Glucophage (metformin)

Glucovance (metformin + glyburide)

The main functions of biguanides are to reduce glucose production by the liver, thus reducing glucose levels in the blood. Your doctor may prescribe this type of drug in combination with insulin sulfonylurea, or a class of drugs called thiazolidinediones. Unfortunately, biguanides has been shown to reduce vitamin B-12, folic acid and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Some problems caused by deficiencies of folic acid and vitamin B-12 are: heart disease, stroke, anemia, arthritis, joint pain, muscle pain, and neuropathy (nerve damage) .dropoff window Because diabetes increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and neuropathy, it is particularly important to prevent nutritional deficiencies that can add to these risk factors. Therefore, to reduce potential deficiencies nutrients that must have side effects supplement essential NutraMD diabetes Nutrients® as long as you are in your diabetes medicine.

Because both types of above mentioned drugs can deplete CoQ10 is important to understand some of the symptoms of a deficiency. CoQ10 deficiency has been associated with the following diseases and symptoms of congestive heart failure, hypertension, rhabdomyolysis (muscle breaking), muscle and joint pain and fatigue. Therefore, to achieve the maximum benefits of medications for diabetes and minimize the potential effects deficiency secondary nutrients you need to supplement your prescription medication taking NutraMD diabetes Nutrients® indispensable complement. By doing this, you balance the risk / benefit further in their favor.

In summary, drugs against diabetes prescribed by your doctor are necessary for your condition; However, you should also consider the potential of nutrition in long-term side effects can be as large as a risk factor for health and disease began to treat first. Put the odds in your favor and stay healthy with diabetes Nutrients® NutraMD essential supplement

How do I know if I keep my blood sugar under control?
Frequent blood tests are used to control blood sugar. Most patients with diabetes should have a blood kit home monitoring. Some doctors ask patients to check their sugar levels in the blood as often to 6 times a day, even if it is an extreme case. The more information you have about their sugar levels in the blood, the easier it will be for you to control. People with diabetes must take responsibility for their care daily, and maintain glucose levels in the blood from going too low or too high.

When the blood sugar level is too high, the doctor called hyperglycemia. When the level of blood sugar is too high, you may not experience any symptoms, but high levels of glucose in the blood is causing damage to blood vessels and organs. This is why it is important to have your blood sugar body correctly and get it out of your bloodstream.

When the sugar level in the blood is too low, your doctor refers to her as hypoglycemia. Having low blood sugar in the blood can be very dangerous and patients taking medications for diabetes should be aware of the symptoms of hypoglycemia. It is also important that your monitor their blood sugar regularly to avoid sugar in both low and high blood. It is important that you keep your sugar level in the blood as close to normal as possible at any time.

How can my doctor if I keep my blood sugar under control?
Some patients can not follow the diet and exercise with the exception of days before a blood test at the doctor's office. They want to look like you do a good job of managing your blood sugar. Thus, the results of the fasting blood glucose test will be good for health. But there is a test that will show you the actual picture physician within the last 3 months or more. Test called hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C). Hemoglobin is the part of blood or red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells. Glucose binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells as they leave the bone marrow, where they are made.

The amount of sugar in the red blood cell is proportional to the level of sugar in the blood at the time of penetration in the movement of red blood cells, and maintained at this level for the lifetime of the red blood cell. So if there was a lot of excess glucose in the blood, there will be a large amount of glucose stuck all over your hemoglobin. Since the half-life of hemoglobin in the blood is 90 to 100 days HbA1c test shows doctor how you were to control the level of sugar in the blood over the last three months. This test is a check on the total sugar control not only fasting glucose. Therefore, it is important to control your blood sugar at all times, not just before seeing a doctor. The most important reason to control your blood sugar is so you can live a long and healthy life without complications that can be caused by not control their diabetes.

What if I do not control my diabetes?
The complications of diabetes can be devastating. Both forms of diabetes ultimately lead to high levels of sugar in the blood, a condition known as hyperglycemia. The damage that hyperglycemia causes your body is extensive and includes:

Damage to the retina from diabetes (diabetic retinopathy) is a leading cause of blindness.

Diabetes predisposes to high blood pressure and high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. These hyperglycemia independently and together, increase the risk of heart disease, kidney disease and other complications of blood vessels.

The nerve damage in the autonomic nervous system can lead to paralysis of the stomach (gastroparesis), chronic diarrhea and an inability to control heart rate and blood pressure with changes in posture.

Kidney damage from diabetes (diabetic nephropathy) is the leading cause of kidney failure.

Damage to the nerves of diabetes (diabetic neuropathy) is the main cause of the lack of normal sensation in the foot, which can lead to injuries and ulcers, and too often, foot and leg amputations.

Diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis or "hardening of the arteries" and the formation of fatty plaques in the arteries, which can lead to blockages or a clot (thrombus), which can lead to heart attack, stroke, and decreased traffic in arms and legs (peripheral vascular disease).

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, occurs time to time in most people with diabetes. Is the result of taking too much diabetes medication or insulin, skip a meal, exercise more than usual, drink too much alcohol or taking certain medications for other conditions. It is very important to recognize hypoglycemia and be prepared to treat any time. Headache, dizziness, lack of concentration, hand tremors, and sweating are common symptoms of hypoglycemia. You may faint or have a seizure if the sugar level in the blood is too low.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious disease in which uncontrolled hyperglycemia (usually because of the relative lack total insulin deficiency or insulin) in time creates a buildup in the blood of waste acids called body ketone. High levels of ketones can be very harmful. This in people with type 1 diabetes who do not have good glycemic control usually occurs. Diabetic ketoacidosis can be precipitated by infection, stress, trauma, drugs such as insulin, or medical emergencies such as stroke and heart attack missing.

Hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome is a serious disease whose level of blood sugar is very high. The body tries to get rid of excess sugar in the blood by removing urine. This greatly increases the amount of urine and often leads to dehydration so severe that can cause seizures, coma and even death. This syndrome usually occurs in people with type 2 diabetes who do not control their blood sugar levels in the blood or become dehydrated or have stress, injury, stroke, diabetes, or medications such as steroids.

My doctor says I have pre-diabetes? What is it?
Pre-diabetes is a common condition associated with diabetes. In people with pre-diabetes, the level of sugar in the blood is higher than normal but not high enough to be considered diabetes. Pre-diabetes increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease or stroke. Pre-diabetes can be reversed without insulin or drugs to lose a modest amount of weight and increase physical activity. This can prevent or at least delay the onset of type 2 diabetes is associated with certain When other anomalies, also known as metabolic syndrome.

What are the normal levels of glucose in the blood? The amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood changes during the day and night. Their levels vary according to when, what and how much you eat, and if you are or have not exercised. The categories of the American Diabetes Association for normal blood sugar levels are, depending on how they test their glucose levels:

A blood glucose fasting test: This test is performed after fasting (no food or liquid other than water) for eight hours. Normal fasting levels of glucose in the blood is below 100 mg / dl. A diagnosis of diabetes is made if his blood sugar reading is 126 mg / dl or more. (In 1997, the American Diabetes Association lowered the level at which diabetes than 126 mg / dL to 140 mg / dl diagnosed).

A glucose test "random" may be taken at any time. A normal range of blood glucose is in the low to mid 100s. A diagnosis of diabetes is made if his blood sugar reading is 200 mg / dl or more and you have symptoms such as fatigue, excessive urination, excessive thirst or loss of unwanted weight.

Another test called the glucose tolerance orally may be performed instead. For this test, you will be asked, after a night of fasting, drinking a sugary water solution. In blood glucose levels will be tested for several hours. In a person without diabetes, elevated blood sugar, and then fall quickly after drinking the solution. In a person with diabetes, sugar in the blood increases higher than normal and not fall so quickly.

A level of blood glucose to normal play two hours after drinking the solution is less than 140 mg / dl, and all readings between the start of the test up to two hours after the start is less than 200 mg / dl. Diabetes is diagnosed if the blood glucose level is 200 mg / dl or more.

What should I do if I have diabetes?
People with diabetes should consult a physician to control your diabetes and help them learn to manage their diabetes. In addition, people with diabetes may see endocrinologists who specialize in the treatment of diabetes; ophthalmologists for eye examinations; podiatrists for routine care feet; and dietitians and diabetes educators who teach needed for daily diabetes management skills.

Diabetes and its precursor, metabolic syndrome, can lead to a host of problems if not properly controlled. These include vascular disease leading to heart attack and stroke, kidney damage leading to kidney disease, nerve damage (neuropathy), retinal damage leading to blindness, high blood pressure, and various defects metabolic such as high triglycerides or high cholesterol. Therefore, it is essential to control diabetes, as well as all other risk factors for diseases of the arteries that cause heart attacks and strokes.

To do this, your doctor will insist on a good diet and regular exercise. Add drugs to lower blood sugar, and if these are not enough, insulin or other injectable drugs is required. Drugs to treat diabetes can cause depletion of folic acid, which can cause high homocysteine, a risk factor for the arteries that underlies heart attack and stroke illness. You can scroll the risks to your essential nutrients for Nutra MD diabetes with medication prescribed by a doctor.



Donald Ford, MD, Diplomate of the American Board of Internal Medicine. Dr. Ford has practiced general internal medicine for the past 22 years. He is a native of Texas and trained at Baylor University, the University of Texas Medical School at Houston, and Scott and White in Temple. He is a clinical assistant professor at Baylor College of Medicine. Besides general internal medicine practice includes travel medicine, prevention of vascular disease and integrative medicine with nutrients. He was interested in the body's ability to heal from the medical school, and used nutrients throughout his career to help patients use less prescription drugs, or prevents altogether.While see the enormous the value of prescription drugs can provide, it is also aware of the value and location of the nutrients.
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What is diabetes?
How is diabetes treated?

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